Monthly Archives: August 2008

Comcast Bandwidth-Control Woes

Comcast is the dominant provider of Internet service to households in many markets across America. When I first moved to Chicago, it was the provider we went with as well. Back in Minnesota, we were working to move away from it due to a little glitch they had where households in the Twin Cities were, at times, unable to access the Web sites for the college I worked for.

It took months of conversations and a good number of angry students and parents to get the situation resolved.

There was also talk of Comcast placing preferences on some sites and applications while restricting others on their network. In response, many groups around the country have focused on the concept of net neutrality, a measure that would prevent Internet service providers from giving preferential treatment to certain content on their network.

Today, I read an article, “Comcast Vows to Throttle Customers“. (Thanks, Bryan Alexander of NITLE, for pointing me to it.)

In a nutshell, Comcast is now trying to limit the amount of bandwidth that certain subscribers receive. If they are heavy Internet users, their service will be slowed down in random intervals of ten to twenty minutes. It is still not certain that this plan will become a reality, but let’s follow this train of thought and see what the impact for education could be.

If your students like to watch movies through Netflix, download television series from iTunes, and/or plays online video games, they may end up falling into Comcast’s ‘targeted’ demographic. So when it comes time to watch the online video you posted for class, they may encounter problems watching it. If they are taking a timed multiple-choice quiz, they may not be able to complete it in time due to technical difficulties.

As an instructor, it is imperative to be sensitive to any technical issues that may arise that are out of the student’s control. You also want to be sure to have a wide range of activities and assignments. This is ideal in that it provides high and low bandwidth assignments for the student (and even offline readings) as well as allowing multiple learning styles to be represented in the course activities.

Comcast is still in hearings with the FCC on all of this. Only time will tell what will come of it. However, it’s something to be cognizant about in the meantime.

Project readOn – Change We Can Believe In

I like watching certain TV programs with the captions on, which strikes non-family members as odd. After all, I’m not hard of hearing, I don’t have an auditory processing disorder, and English is my native language. But I did grow up in an immigrant household where my parents relied on captions to understand what was going on while they watched TV. I didn’t need captions the way my parents did, but they added to my enjoyment of television shows by turning them into animated books. I loved to see the words on the screen; to me, they offered a typographic translation of the sound. My relationship with television evolved into something not only visual and auditory, but also textual. It turns out that I’m not alone in this among so-called “normal” people.

There is a broad misconception that only the deaf and hearing-impaired benefit from captions. But in fact, there are many others who may not be as obvious. A surprising BBC study found that over 80% of television viewers turned on the captions. It’s doubtful that 80% of the television-watching population in Britain is hearing impaired, so who are these people? Some of them are students for whom English is a second language, and some are people with auditory processing disorders. Others are viewers who have trouble hearing over background noise and use captions to fill in what the ear misses. And for children, studies have found that captions help with learning to read because they tie together the spoken and printed word, each symbol system reinforcing the other. And then there are probably others like me, who just like the extra dimension that captions give.While captions enable learning for the hearing impaired, they can also enrich the experience for many others.

Despite the fact that captioned video is clearly recognized as a valuable way to help ESL learners, the learning disabled, and the deaf and hard-of-of-hearing, captioned online video is still difficult to find. By online video, I mean the video you might find on YouTube or on sites like NBC (newly captioned!), CBS (inconsistently captioned), MIT’s Open Courseware (no captions), or John McCain’s website (no captions either). Though YouTube has made advances in this area, thousands of clips are added each day to this massive video-sharing site, and kind-hearted captioners just can’t keep up with the content. So the many YouTube clips like lectures, video tutorials, and student-created content that are integrated in courses wind up excluding entire groups of students. And change isn’t happening any time soon. Since online videos, unlike broadcast TV, are not required by law to have captions, there is no tremendous groundswell for change.

What’s the excuse? Captioning tools exist, right? There’s DotSub, Veotag, TubeCaption. But regular people typically don’t have the time or resources to caption that “Third Video Remix of Lazy Sunday”. And some of the do-it-yourself tools for captioning videos can produce some really poor quality captions which detract from any learning experience. Captions that can’t be turned off or are barely legible are a visual nightmare. Outsourcing is the most logical solution, but if colleges do have the funds to pay someone to outsource, they certainly don’t put that random student-created video at the top of the captioning heap. But there is a new service that sounds as if it could make a difference—an organization called Project readOn. This group has partnered with the Obama campaign and has captioned every single video on his website (can’t we follow this lead?). Project readOn will caption any web-based video for you at no cost. You can send in your request and it will be placed in a queue. The length of time your video will be in the queue is unknown. I’ve had some videos in the queue for over three months now. But when captions are added, they appear in a pop-player above the original video. This service is still in the development stages, so the interface is not perfect and the website itself is a navigational nightmare. But I am not going to pick it part excessively because I’m just happy to see an organization that is providing this service for free. What a boon to a huge population of people whose lives are enhanced by being able to see the spoken word. I just hope they get back to me with my captions soon…

Notes from the 24th Annual Distance Learning Conference, Madison, Wisconsin

Ironic that those of us in the trenches of online learning—instructional designers, flash developers, leading-edge online instructors and administrators—enjoy a face-to-face gathering periodically. Just this past week, some eighteen of us from DePaul found ourselves at the 24th annual Distance Learning Conference sponsored by the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

For me, the three keynote addresses tied the conference together: Curtis Bonk (known as Curt once you’ve shared a drink with him) charged the group with his ever-present enthusiasm for all things online. Those of us from DePaul were delighted to find that Curt—who is the pure definition of a “connector” personality type—now includes in his presentation a reference to and photo of our own James Moore’s blog about the Pulse electronic writing tool. And here is James’ blog about that event.

Speaking of connections, George Siemens (University of Manitoba), in his keynote address, presented a new theory of learning—connectivism—based on the realities of the Web 2.0 world, where “learning is the act of building a network and moving through that network in a meaningful manner.”

The final keynoter, Marilyn Moats Kennedy (a former DePaul instructor, by the way) amused the audience with her insights into the defining characteristics of five generations of employees and how to manage them. (As a “boomer,” I’m delighted to know that those who manage me will do almost anything to keep me!) Her engaging approach harbored some interesting observations about the younger generations and provided some interesting perspectives on how we (boomers) can view and assess our students, what motivates them to learn, and how they relate to the workplace. For example, a generation that experienced their boomer parents being laid off is not likely to be a generation that exhibits loyalty to “the company.” They will move around; they expect to move around.

There were multiple opportunities to hear about case studies, rules for assessment, guidelines for designing for critical learning, and issues on institutional policies and support structures. These are the to-do lists we carry back home from such a conference: learn more about Pulse pens, look up this Web site, find out how much it would cost to get a site license for this or that application. The blinders go on—as they need to—and we focus once again on our own institution, our own job description, our own unique set of challenges. And yet, we are fed in some small way by this connection, this face-to-face time to exchange lessons learned, hear new ideas, place our piece of the puzzle into the bigger picture.

And next year… some of us will return to celebrate this opportunity’s quarter of century mark!

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Online Video Editing and Slideshow Tools

I gave a presentation at the New Media Consortium conference back in June on a slew of web 2.0 video and slideshow tools I’ve been testing. The idea for the presentation began nearly a year ago when I was frustrated with the growing divide between the amount of foreign-language media available on the web and the number of teachers taking advantage of it. Initially, I thought the presentation would focus largely on JumpCut.com, a site that offers a fairly robust, web-based video editor. Users can upload video, audio, and images to their JumpCut accounts, then use the editor to create short movies.

One of the features that excited me about JumpCut was its ability to let users remix each other’s work. After watching any movie produced on JumpCut.com, users can click a remix button, which launches the video-editor interface and populates it with all of the video footage used in the movie. I thought this feature had great potential, and dreamed of assignments in which students would take a pool of raw footage, add their own material, do a little creative editing, and create spectacular mini-movies.

Unfortunately, I learned very quickly that there were several flaws in my plan. First, JumpCut doesn’t allow users to share audio, making it difficult to provide students with any sort of communal pool of voiceovers, sound effects, background music, etc. In addition, obtaining raw footage for students to manipulate was time consuming. I was able to download some great public domain video from the Internet Archive’s moving images database, but breaking these clips up into manageable chunks for use in JumpCut wasn’t easy. As an alternative, I experimented with capturing scenes from the game The Sims 2. The Sims proved an excellent visual resource for domestic drama and for reinforcing basic household vocabulary. As a result, I was able to work with Claudia Fernandez, a Spanish professor at DePaul, to create a sort of “video dictionary.” The goal of the project was to demonstrate everyday actions to help students master simple phrases in the past, present, and future tense.

As I started to push the limits of what could be captured in The Sims, I began exploring a variety of other tools that I thought might help faculty spice up their lectures and assignments with multimedia. I started my search in the hopes of finding a tool similar to JumpCut, but with the added ability to import video directly from YouTube and other video sharing sites. (Omnisio was the closest thing I could find, but it paled in comparison to JumpCut as a video-editing tool.)

My search quickly expanded beyond online video editing, and I found myself fiddling with subtitling tools like Overstream, slideshow presentation and annotation tools like VoiceThread, and multimedia-enhanced timeline generators like CircaVie. I quickly realized that I was going well beyond the original intent of my presentation, which was supposed to be a hands-on demonstration of JumpCut’s features. I decided to expand the focus of the presentation (even though it was too late to change the description in the conference agenda) and I offered attendees a comparison of nearly all the video and slideshow tools I had tried.

In the end, this approach seemed to go over very well with the audience. Several people thanked me for taking the time to do more than just recommend a long list of trendy tools I had never tried. I also got a lot of positive feedback on my example uses of the video editing and slideshow tools. Hopefully, by sharing them here, more people can benefit from what I’ve learned. Feel free to email me at dstanfo2@depaul.edu with any questions about the tools or my experience using them.